Loading...
Supporting developers, startups, and full-fledged companies building on Stellar and Soroban
© 2025 Stellar Development Foundation
Subscribe to the Newsletter
By BTQ
Offers a scaling solution to improve transaction verification speed and cost savings by leveraging zero-knowledge proofs.
The general principle of this project is to explore the possibility of replacing pre-quantum digital signatures, which are vulnerable to attacks by quantum computers, with post-quantum digital signatures. These signatures are designed to be resistant to quantum attacks and could provide a more secure foundation for Stellar in the future.
Implementing post-quantum cryptography in blockchains has several downstream consequences. Signature sizes associated with the standardized post-quantum digital signature algorithms are much larger than the signatures used in blockchains today. Even with the smallest NIST post-quantum digital signatures, public-keys and digital signatures would consume at least 21x and 24x larger than the signatures used in Bitcoin and Ethereum, respectively. Since every blockchain transaction needs to be signed with a digital signature, each transaction will occupy more space within a block. This means that there will be fewer transactions per block, which results in slower transaction speeds for users and higher gas fees to include their transactions into the highly competitive block. By implementing post-quantum cryptography in blockchains, we are effectively unscaling our blockchains.
Our service is designed to aggregate the post-quantum digital signatures associated with multiple transactions in a block. This will allow the Stellar blockchain to reduce the overhead cost of storing one post-quantum digital signature per transaction, thereby significantly reducing the size of each block. This technique preserves the structure of all existing transaction data and simply replaces the digital signatures associated with each transaction with a single aggregate signature. The output of this project will be a publicly accessible paper summarizing the research outcomes.
$10.0K
Chris Tam
No other submissions.